Validation

Protocol	AUC

Spatially blocked throughout: each fold removes the held-out occurrence and every other occurrence and background cell within the block radius. Pooled AUC is quoted, which is the more conservative statistic.

Capture efficiency, spatial holdout

Area flagged	Occurrences captured

Measured on the seven withheld occurrences. Against 10% expected by chance at the 10% threshold, this is a 7.1× lift.